Spare no effort    复制

page 4
periscope   潜望镜, 展望镜
peri-  表示“周围, 近”之义
slide --- an act or instance of sliding.
lend credit to  使更可信   证实
disputed reports  v. 争议
Prague meeting
Muhammad Atta   穆罕默德阿塔
play up  加油, 开始奏乐, 使恼火
commission
encounter----An often violent meeting; a clash.
对决，冲突：多为激烈的会战；碰见
occur
suspect
briefing
alleged ---- Represented as existing or as being as described but not so proved; supposed.
被说成的，被断言的：被描述为存在，或被说成是事实但并未得到证实的；假定的
IraqQaeda  原来以扎卡维为头目的阿拉伯组织
the Pentagon  美国国防部
declassify  从机密文件中删除
set
CIA director ---中央情报局局长
...Executive Director 执行董事
session --A meeting of a legislative or judicial body for the purpose of transacting business.
会议：关于合同交易的立法或司法机构的会议
deputy national-security adviser   国家本土安全部副部长
chief of staff---  参谋长
at the time   当时, 在那个时候
devote to  把...专用于
dated September 2002-----adj.（形容词）Marked with or displaying a date.
注明日期的：标有或显示出日期的
cite
publicized allegations ---公开指控
Czech 捷克
Ahmed al-Ani----艾哈迈德尼
assert ---- 断言, 声称
intel contradicting 矛盾  the report
purported details------Assumed to be such; supposed:
传说的；假设的：
carlier
confirmed visits ---Having been ratified; verified.
证实过的；验证了的
issue funds to
Embassy charged affaire  大使
identified Atta  确定 认出
monitor  监控
contract
anecdote   A short account of an interesting or humorous incident.传闻，逸事
reject----To refuse to consider or grant; deny.
拒绝：拒绝考虑或同意；否认
----------------------------------------
Sino-Japanese 中日的
rhetoric---Verbal communication; discourse.---talks
讨论：口头交流；讨论
banter---To speak to in a playful or teasing way.
取笑：以开玩笑或戏弄的方式讲话
legislation
offshore oil projects---海洋石油工程
reign  统治, 支配, 盛行, 占优势
drill 钻探开采
Pamuk
Ankara  ----安卡拉(土耳其首都)
rep---Reputation:-名誉：
Turkey-skeptic  无神论者
presidency ----tA governing body on a local level consisting of three men.
三人评议会：地方级别的统治机构，由三人组成
accession talks
stall--- (使)停止, 迟延
Tehran---德黑兰
nukes  核武器, 核能发电厂, 核潜艇
cut a deal ---- Informal To cease; stop:
【非正式用语】 中断；停止：
Fatah Party  法塔赫组织  巴勒斯坦解放组织所属的武装组织 http://info.datang.net/F/F0116.HTM
Heightened   提高
clash冲突
--------------------------------------------
Page 5
the Liberals
resign
dwindling group
Anderi Illarionov
Kremlin
Vladimir Putin   弗拉基米尔·普京
oil-revenue
windfall---A sudden, unexpected piece of good fortune or personal gain.
意外之财，横财：一种突然的、出乎意料之外的好运或收入
privatization 使归私有，使私人化 privatize
at first blush --乍一看
a decisive shift
Yeltsin-era--------叶利钦时代
voraciously---狼吞虎咽的, 贪婪的 voracious
gobble up-----To take greedily; grab:
吞并：贪婪地攫取；强占：
Mincing ---Affectedly refined or dainty.
矫揉造作的：假装文雅或斯文的
tender his resignation-----请辞 
tender :A formal offer, as: 提出：正式的提出、提议或提供，
corporatist state----社团主义国家
corporate  社团的, 法人的, 共同的, 全体的
usher
chief strategist----首席策划  首席战略家
Sovlink Securities  有价证券
whereas  然而, 反之, 鉴于, 尽管, 但是
opt for
----------------------------
lock up  锁上
democracy
egyptain
Ayman Nour   诺阿
tough of late
run a distant second to President in presidential poll
Cairo  开罗
constituency 选民，支持者
vicious 恶意的
convict  on 指控
forgery charges 伪造文书罪,伪证罪
hard labor  强迫劳役
Mubarak  regime-----穆巴拉克政权
petition   诉状
ersatz EI Ghad party leader,Musa Mustafa----代用.....沙伊ghad党魁穆萨穆斯塔法
at the helm of ---在领导
forgery  伪造
conviction
take over   接收, 接管
wreste 费力取得
stock
move
petition 诉状，听政会,请愿
ersatz 假的
State Department  (美国)国务院
appeal his conviction 申诉
exempt him from 免除
the hardened criminals
imprison
better off -----状况好的  经济状况好的，富裕的
bounce back
-----------------------------------------------------------------
page 15
unsettle 不安
the Indian Institute of Science ----印度科学研究所
Bangalore-----A city of south-central India west of Madras. Founded in 1537, it is a major industrial center and transportation hub. Population, 2,476,355.
班加罗尔：印度中南部马德拉斯以西一城市，建于1537年，是一个主要的工业中心和交通枢纽。人口2,476,355
toss  grenade---投, 掷手榴弹
explosive
unimpressive
go after---追逐, 追求
asset
brain trust----智囊团
relentless --------Steady and persistent; unremitting:
持续不断的：稳定的和持续的；不松懈的：
make sense   有意义
tenfold----十倍的
state-of-the-art---艺术级的
semiconductor fabrication lines 半导体装配线,shengchan xian
top virtually
outshine  胜过
oft-made----多次作出
Tharman Shanmugaratnam
worldbeater
top-ranked-----一流
entrepreneur
academics
meritocracy----知识界精华
public-private partership----公私合作伙伴-
tertiary-----第三的, 第三位的, 第三世纪的
array----排列, 编队, 军队, 衣服, 大批
civicminded volunteerism
the Howard Hughes Foundation------霍华德休斯基金会
raw testing skills-----  原技能测试
much- heralded  名列前茅
pushy
gusto 爱好，兴趣
chore
shower
state school
push？？？？？奋发, 干劲, 进取心, 攻击
crucial
-----------------------------------------------------
page 18
germ warfare ---细菌战
decapitation   斩首, 撤职, 解雇 decapitate 刽子手
West Executive Drive
west wing 军情室，形势室
 右翼（保守势力）不是激进派
staffer  职员
galvanize  电镀
chimney  烟囱 烟道
sensor  传感器
sniffy    嗅到; 发觉, 怀疑
pathogen 病菌, 病原
radioactivity 放射能
spooky   幽灵般的, 怪异的,
inspire thoughtful ruminations  反刍, 沉思
separation 分离, 分开
the Fourth Amendment   第四修正案
seizure  抓, 捉, 没收, 查封, 夺取

commander in chief   总司令
panoply    A splendid or striking array:
雄伟的阵式：华丽的或引人注目的排列：
grant   同意, 准予, 承认
the Constitution
boundary   边界, 分界线
so be it ---- used to show that you accept sth and will not try to change it or cannot change it:就这样吧！内在含义是”接受什么和不打算去改变什么或者无法改变”，“不得已而接受”。
例句：If you do not wish my friendship, so be it.要是你不想和我交朋友，那也罢了。
Ford administration
restore  恢复, 使回复, 归还, 交还
throw away  扔掉, 丢弃
ferocious  凶恶的, 残忍的, 凶猛的, <口>十分强烈的, 极度的
behind-the -scenes   幕后
infighting 接近战, 混战, 暗斗
stalled  (使)停转, (使)停止, 迟延
electronic spying  电子间谍
council 辩护人，律师，法律顾问
White House Counsel Alberto Gonzales  白宫律师阿尔贝托 冈萨雷斯
bedside visit  亲昵外交 （英美之间）
John Ashcroft   约翰. 阿什克罗夫特
attorney general  司法部部长
pancreatic disease  胰腺疾病   pancreas
reverse the deputy  颠倒, 倒转
Acting Attorney General  代理司法部长
balk -- To refuse obstinately or abruptly:
拒绝：固执地或突然地拒绝
warrantless  不批准 ，未经允许
eavesdropping  偷听  eavesdrop   eaves
miffed 恼怒，生气
straitlaced 严格的, 固执的, 刻板的  laced
by-the-book  循规蹈矩的
dub   授予称号, 打击
derisive  嘲笑的, 值得嘲笑的
cuomo
Mario Cuomo ---http://wikipedia.qwika.com/en2zh/Mario_Cuomo
vacillate  犹豫不定
comment
strike a balance  结帐, 公平处理
work in neat
inevitably
ebb  潮退, 衰退
begin over
mighty  有势力的, 强大的, 有力的
cede   放弃
dub --call
The Imperial Presidency
stake -----To gamble or risk; hazard.
赌博或冒险；危险
mortal
shadowy foe
notwithstanding----- In spite of: 虽然…但是：
withstanding---To resist or endure successfully.
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bug ,wiretap ,monitor  窃听器，监视器
subversive    破坏分子, 危险分子
penetrate  穿透, 渗透, 看穿, 洞察
National Security Agency  国家安全局 the NSA
pluck 拔去(鸡、鸭等)毛, 采集
cock 使耸立, 使竖起, 堆成锥形
cock a giant ear to
ideally
overhear 偷听
plot   秘密计划(特指阴谋)
digitized and encrypted  [计] 加密,将...译成密码
give credence to  相信
sophisticated data mining 先进的数据挖掘
follow up  穷追, 把...探究到底, 用继续行动来加强效果
crank up 用曲柄开动, 加快, 做好准备
sleeper cells  本土恐怖分子/沉睡者小团体
spawn (a host of reforms)---To cause to spawn; bring forth; produce:
使产卵；使出生；产生：-
FISA---the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act  对外情报监视法
CIA---Central Intelligence Agency
FBI---Federal Bureau of Investigation
snooping  爱探听的, 爱窥探的, 爱管闲事的
contemplate ---- ,To have in mind as an intention or possibility:
预期, 企图,打算：在心里盘算或认为…有可能性：
KGB----1.  <俄> Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopasnosti 
       2.The intelligence and internal security agency of the Soviet Union.
        克格勃：苏联情报和国家安全委员会
agent ----A representative or official of a government or administrative department of a government:执法官，政府代表：政府或政府行政机构的代表或官员：
an FBI agent.联邦调查局密探
posing----装成
diplomat--
traveling
instantaneous
flash through
turn down  拒绝
application for
thwart
cellular---模拟信号
land-line有线电话
vacuum up
-----------------------------page 21
signature
up to---一直到,高至
Occupied with, especially devising or scheming:
忙于（尤其是策划和密谋）：
a prowler up to no good.
四处寻觅，图谋不轨的家伙
Able to do or deal with:
能做…或处理（对付）…：
didn't feel up to a long drive.
觉得无法来开很长一段路的车
Dependent on:
依靠：
The success of this project is up to us.
这个项目的成败取决于我们
As long as:
长至…：
allowed up to two hours to finish the test.
允许学生有两个小时来完成考试
As many as:
多至…：
seed that yields up to 300 bushels per acre.
每英亩能产三百蒲式耳的种子

precious  宝贵的, 贵重的, 珍爱的, 过于精致的, 珍爱的
宝贵的, 贵重的, 珍爱的, 过于精致的, 珍爱的
retroactive approval   追补许可
retroactive  反动的, 追溯的, 有追溯力的, 从以往某天开始生效
retro-表示“向后, 回复”之义
retroactive pay补发的增加工资
approval--赞成, 承认, 正式批准
track
Afghanistan and Pakistan
Qaeda  盖达，阿拉伯地区的恐怖组织，原来扎卡维为头目的.Bush打Saddam 有一个借口是说iraq和Bin laten 的基地组织有联系，但拉登的基地组织和Qaeda却并不是一个组织
sympathizer 支持者
fevered 发烧的, 激昂的, 激动的
red tape
unpardonable snare  陷井
Cambodia
Viet Cong =Vietcong
endless agony over
spawn
the War Powers Act 战争权力法
stand tall in the war on terror
staunch 坚定的
hesitate
circumvent-----To surround (an enemy, for example); enclose or entrap.
围住（例如敌人）；包围或诱陷
To go around; bypass:
绕行；避开：
asserting
warmaking powers
confer on
Article 2
congression
uproar 喧嚣, 骚动
Capitol Hill  美国国会山,美国国会
predictably
partisan----- Devoted to or biased in support of a party, group, or cause:
党派性的：忠于或偏向于支持某一政党、团体或事业的：
warrantless spying 未经许可侦查
libertarian 自由意志主义者, 行动自由论者
damning  受永罚的, 咒骂的, 毁灭的
countenancing  torture  严刑拷打
countenance 给予赞同，表示赞同；宽恕：
jailing detainess 拘禁
roughshod ----  Marked by brutal force:
残暴的，残忍的，无情的：
ride roughshod over---To treat with brutal force:
残暴地对待，横行霸道
histrionics  (used with a sing. or pl. verb)Exaggerated emotional behavior calculated for effect.
（与单数或复数动词连用）装模作样：为制造效果而进行的夸张的感情行为
vacuous  空虚的, 茫然若失的, 无所事事的, 空洞的
wage a war
likewise
thwart
plot  秘密计划(特指阴谋)
democracy
-------------------------------page 22
sickening ----Revolting or disgusting; loathsome:
令人反感的或令人讨厌的；厌恶的：
lurch 惨败, 倾斜, 徘徊
the ship of state
tight ship--A well-managed and efficient business, household, or organization:
一个管理完善，效率高的企业、家庭或组织：
We run a tight ship.
我们经营的是一个模范企业
self-righting mechanism 自动纠正的
bid for  许诺以获支持,投标
reach for power
crise
state 声明, 陈述, 规定
conscious
violate individual rights 侵犯个人权利// 违犯, 亵渎(圣物), 冒犯, 干扰, 违反, 妨碍, 侵犯, vi
violate---To disturb rudely or improperly; interrupt:
扰乱，侵犯：粗鲁地或不合适地妨碍；打搅：
sovereignty
the high seas  公海
the Alien and Sedition Acts 客籍法和惩治叛乱法///侨民及叛乱法案
sedition ---Insurrection; rebellion.反叛；暴动
blatant-----Usage Problem Totally or offensively conspicuous or obtrusive:
【用法疑难】明目张胆的, 显眼的，炫耀的：完全地或让人生厌地惹人注目的或炫耀的：
traitorous ---- Constituting treason:
叛国的：构成叛国罪的：
a traitorous act.See Synonyms at faithless
卖国行为参见 faithless
suspend habeas corpus  终止了人身保护权
habeas corpus--------One of a variety of writs that may be issued to bring a party before a court or judge, having as its function the release of the party from unlawful restraint.
人身保护令：一种令状，传讯一方当事人出庭或见法官，其作用是使该方从非法的拘禁中豁免
take their grievances to court  冤情，委屈
promiscuously wiretap  杂乱地, 混杂地
promiscuous----Lacking standards of selection; indiscriminate.
混杂的：缺乏选择的标准的；不加区分的
Japanese-Americans  日裔美国人
internment camp 俘虏收容所
intern ---To confine, especially in wartime.
拘留，特别是在战争时期
drag on  拖延
dissent 不同意
cite
Democratic predecessors FDR
bugging 装窃听器
subversive---One who advocates or is regarded as advocating subversion.
颠覆分子，破坏分子：支持或被认为支持颠覆当局的人
appreciably  略微, 有一点slightly
ramp up the machine 不正当地使用，管理
ramp---To act threateningly or violently; rage.
暴跳，乱撞：有威胁性的或使用暴力的行动；
肆虐
unleash----To release or loose from or as if from a leash:
解开皮带；放纵：从皮带上或仿佛从皮带上释放或松开：
grew cautious谨慎
Watergate---水门事件(美国政治丑闻, 共和党总统竞选连任委员会于1972年6月17日派人潜入水门大厦民主党总部安装窃听器, 此事暴露后导致尼克松总统辞职)
dimension----Often dimensions Extent or magnitude; scope:
 常作 dimensions 面积：范围或大小；规模：
leak out
justification------Something, such as a fact or circumstance, that justifies:
正当的理由，借口：可为…辩护的东西，如事实或环境：
Al Qaeda
Taliban ---阿富汗的伊斯兰组织，曾经掌握过阿富汗政权
drafting
identified discussing
grant of authority from Congress
detain
lie---To be or remain in a specified condition:
处于…状态：处于一种特定的状况：
peril-----Imminent danger.
极大的危险
get along --To make progress.
进展 推进
patriotism----Love of and devotion to one's country.
爱国主义：热爱祖国和为国献身的精神
declaration
reassert
---------------------------------page23
the War Powers Act 战争权力法
dictatorship
less-stringent  严格度低的
push ---n. pressure
Senate Judiciary Committee  参议院司法委员会
roll---To impart a swaying, rocking motion to:
使摇摆：使…摇晃或滚动：
pliability  适应性
pliable --Easily influenced, persuaded, or swayed; tractable.
易受影响的：容易影响、劝说或摇摆的；温顺的
commentator----A broadcaster or writer who reports and analyzes events in the news.
评论员：在新闻中报告和分析事件的广播员或作家
amend---To change for the better; improve:
改好；改善：-
FISA---the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act  对外情报监视法
set off  ----出发, 动身, 使爆炸, 引起, 使爆发, 抵销, 分开, 衬托
flap--- A commotion or disturbance:
【非正式用语】 骚动，不安：
a flap in Congress over the defense budget.
由于国防预算引起的国会慌乱
deliberation
tip off  向...泄露, 告诫
subtle
reluctant
concede
议会国家包括三部分：政府government（包括president和各个部门department，比如农业，外交，商业，能源，电力等），
议House and Senate（分为参议院Senate=中国的政协,包括委员会Committee和众议院Representatives=中国的人大/又叫House of Representatives of National Congress简称为congress，包括各个委员会branch），
司法 Justice
以下是众议院的两个委员会：
executive branch 行政委员会
legislativeb ranch 立法委员会
concede---To acknowledge, often reluctantly, as being true, just, or proper; admit.See Synonyms at acknowledge
承认：通常是不情愿地承认…是真的、公正或合适的；承认参见 acknowledge
general ---Highest or superior in rank:
最高的：在职位上最高或占优势地位的：
token 向征, 记号
by the same token----In like manner; similarly.
以相同的方式；相似地
spook ---（Slang） A secret agent; a spy.
【俚语】 一个行踪秘密的人；间谍
breach
legendary --Extremely well known; famous or renowned.See Usage Note at legend
极其著名的；著名的或享有盛名的
Senate Armed Services Committee  参议院军事委员会
wink
brief---To give concise preparatory instructions, information, or advice to:
事先向…简要介绍指令、信息或建议：
sketchy ---Lacking in substance or completeness; incomplete.
不完全的：缺乏实质或完整性的；不完全的
ultrasecretive
omissions of consequence  忽略后果
omission---Something omitted or neglected.
被删除或忽略之物
the White House Situation Room  情急情况研究室
bureaucracy  bureau
push back 向后推, 吞下
tenure---A period during which something is held.
占有期：占有某物的期限
interrogation---To examine by questioning formally or officially.See Synonyms at ask
讯问：通过正式或官方的提问来检查
generally  一般, 通常, 一般地
expansive view----To think of in a particular way; regard:
视作，认为：用一种特殊方式思考；认为
The measure has no view of success.
这个措施无望奏效
for the most part 在极大程度上
the State Department (美国)国务院
uniformed military services 正规部队，现役部队
cut out 切掉, 裁剪出, 取代, 停止
implement----To put into practical effect; carry out:
使生效；执行：
water boarding
detention
indefinite
protest
outset
bureaucrat
channel渠道
careerist
uphold---To maintain or affirm against opposition.See Synonyms at support
反驳：针对反对意见来坚持或肯定
decency---Conformity to prevailing standards of propriety or modesty.
正派：符合体面或得体的普遍标准
dubious 可疑的, 不确定的
prosecutor
back away  逐渐后退
Torture Memo  酷刑备忘录
interrogation
organ
still-classified  仍然是机密的
---------------------------------------------page 24

stale --Law Having lost effectiveness or force through lack of exercise or action.
【法律】 失去效力的：由于不实施或者不行动而失去效力
audit -To examine, verify, or correct the financial accounts of:
审计：审核、查证或校正帐目：
proceede
in any case 无论如何
in any case
overrule ---To decide or rule against:
否决，作出反对…的裁决：
overrule a policy decision.
否决了一政策决议
A.G.
incapacitate --To make legally ineligible; disqualify.
使无资格：剥夺…的法定权力；使失去资格
capacitate
the Justice Department
compromise
onboard---installed and functional within a vehicle: on-board computers for aircraft.
 车载
account-A narrative or record of events.
记述，报告：一叙述事件或事件的记录
refine --To reduce to a pure state; purify.
提炼：提炼至纯的状态；净化
checklist
probable cause
Bureaucrat
frustrate
time-honored  岁月考验
leak---- To disclose without authorization or official sanction:
【非正式用语】 擅自公开：未经授权或官方许可而揭露：
disgruntle
morality
public-mindedness
less-noble motivations
Waterboarding is a form of torture. It is used to obtain information, coerce confessions, and for punishment and intimidation.

turf battles ----turf war/battle (=a fight or argument over the areas or things you think belong to you)
草坪战役 草皮争斗
score settling---to get even = to settle a score
Occasional anti-corruption purges and arrests look more like score-settling than genuine bids to clean the stables.
临时的反腐败举措，比如净化官僚队伍和逮捕贪污官员看起来只是治标，而不是治本。

politician
encroachment-violate
encroach---To take another's possessions or rights gradually or stealthily:
侵占：逐步或偷偷地侵占他人财产或侵犯他人权利：
encroach on a neighbor's land.
侵犯邻土
backlash---An antagonistic reaction to an earlier action:
激烈反应，激烈反对：对一个较早行动的对抗性反应：
dictatorship
excess
abuse
FISA --- Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act 外国情报法 ???
infringement
infringe---To transgress or exceed the limits of; violate:
违反：超越或超过限制；违犯：
recede --To withdraw or retreat.
撤回：撤退或后撤
slip---To decline from a former or standard level; fall off.
下跌，滑落：从以前的或正常的水平下降；跌落
back down 放弃原主张, 取消前言
covert ----Not openly practiced, avowed, engaged in, accumulated, or shown:
秘密的：非公开地实行、承认、参与、积累或显示的：
covert military operations; covert funding for the rebels.See Synonyms at secret
秘密军事行动；叛乱者的秘密资金参见
overplay ----To overestimate the strength of (one's holding or position) with resulting defeat:
过高估计：过高估计（自己具有的或自己地位的）力量，结果导致了失败：
overplayed his hand and lost the game.
过高估计手中的牌而导致了失败
hard-liner
take a less confrontational stance 采取....姿态
confrontation---The act of confronting or the state of being confronted, especially a meeting face to face     .对抗：对抗的行为或对抗的状态，尤指面对面的遭遇
tactical----Carried out in support of military or naval operations:
战术性的：为支持陆上或海上的行动而采取的：
restiveness  反对、批评
restive---Resisting control; difficult to control.
难驾御的，难控制的：不能控制的；难以控制的
staunchest supporter
the federal bench ---联邦法官
subtle----Not immediately obvious; abstruse:
不十分明显的；深奥的：
“subtle smiles resulting from subjectively humorous experiences unguessed by the world at large”(Josephine Dodge Bacon)
“来自于个人幽默的经验所发出的微笑，上的不为世人所能想象的到的令人费解的微笑”(约瑟芬·道奇·培根)
rein in 放慢, 止住, 控制
absolutist  专制主义者, 专制政治论者, 绝对论者
detainee---A person held in custody or confinement:
被拘留的人：
afford
crackdown---An act or example of forceful regulation, repression, or restraint:
制裁：采取严厉措施、镇压、约束的行为或实例：-
violate
heaven forbid----但愿不会如此!千万不要这样! 苍天不容!
outcry
get through with 完成
acerbically
acerbity-----Sourness of taste, character, or tone.
尖酸，苦涩，刻薄：味道、性格或语调的尖酸
comment
cut off 切断, 断绝, 剥夺继承权
exaggerate
risk averse
up-and-comers  后起之秀
back-to-back  ---紧接的, 背靠着背的
Imeperial President
restore
irony
stance
cut sb down to size:to make someone realize that they are not as important, successful etc as they think they are
undermine the power
WMD---weapons of mass destruction
Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs)
back down:to admit that you are wrong or that you have lost an argument

----------------------------------------------page 25
经济词汇--http://www.investorwords.com/
http://www.bloomberg.com/invest//glossary/bfglosa.htm
http://www.anz.com/edna/dictionary.asp?action=content&content=west_texas_intermediate

soft landing---The landing of a space vehicle on a celestial body or on Earth in such a way as to prevent damage or destruction of the vehicle.
软着陆：飞船在天体或地球上为防止造成飞船破坏或毁坏而进行的着陆
The avoidance of both inflation and high interest rates as well as a recession as an economy slows its growth rate. opposite of hard landing.
“软着陆”的是指国民经济的运行经过一段过度扩张之后，平稳地回落到适度增长区
hard landing
When the economy goes directly from a period of expansion to a recession. This might happen if a government or monetary authority is more restrictive in its fiscal or monetary policy than what is appropriate for the economy.
year-end---Occurring or done at the end of the year:
年终的：发生在年末的；在年末做的：
a year-end audit. 年终查帐
stack--1.An orderly pile, especially one arranged in layers.See Synonyms at heap
       层 v.（动词）积：整整齐齐的一堆
      2.A large quantity:【非正式用语】 大量：a stack of work to do. 大量要做的工作
lie ---To be or remain in a specified condition:
处于…状态：处于一种特定的状况：
ahead-adv.在前, 向前, 提前, 在前面
forecast--A prediction, as of coming events or conditions.
预言：如对于将要发生的事件或状况的预测
swell ---Excellent; wonderful:优秀的；精彩的：
had a swell time.过得极为开心
typical--
the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in Paris
在巴黎de 经济合作与发展组织
inflation--A persistent increase in the level of consumer prices or a persistent decline in the purchasing power of money, caused by an increase in available currency and credit beyond the proportion of available goods and services.
通货膨胀：由于市场上通货和信用货币增到超过市场所提供的商品和服务而导致的消费品价格水平的持续上涨和货币购买力的持续下跌
tame--To subdue or curb. 压制或抑制
expand
sunny----bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer; "a cheery hello"; "a gay sunny room"; "a sunny smile" [syn: cheery, gay]
prediction
catchphrase--a phrase, as a slogan, that comes to be widely and repeatedly used, often with little of the original meaning remaining. 醒目的广告用语, (政治宣传中的)标语
goldilocks economy--- The term "Goldilocks economy" was coined in 1996 and describes an economy where there is high growth without inflation, the economy is not overheating.
The "Goldilocks" economy is a macroeconomic situation where everthing is just right, i.e. without extremes
trigger ---To set off; initiate:引发，触发：
the Federal Reserve 美联储
recession--An extended decline in general business activity, typically three consecutive quarters of falling real gross national product.
衰退：经济活动普遍而持续地衰败，尤指三个连续季度的社会总产品净值的下降
Goldilocks's porridge  ---http://www.dltk-teach.com/rhymes/goldilocks_story.htm
darken the outlook  ----Expectation for the future:展望：前景：
the long-term outlook for economic growth.经济发展的长期展望
coincidentally
feed one's appetite
journalism
misfortune
candidate
housing
burst
dampen----To deaden, restrain, or depress: 消除，抑制，压抑：
the Mortagage Bankers Association  按揭贷款银行协会
sink---To cause to drop or lower: 使下垂：使下落或更低：
gain--An increase in amount or degree:增加：总额或程度的增加：
a gain in operating income.营业收入增加
depress consumer confidence and spending
fixed-rate
adjustable-rate mortgage可调息按揭 ，随着市场的变化而变动
off-rate
sharply
home-owner
miss
forecast
glum----Gloomy  suggests somber melancholy:  指悲观的：
mortgage banker
equaling
crash---A sudden economic or fiscal failure.经济或财政上的突然失败
trade deficit 贸易逆差
Moody's Economy .com---穆迪信用评级公司(Moody's Investors Service)下属的预测机构Moody's Economy.com
willingness
surplus dollars  过剩的
sell-off ---The sale or disposal of a relatively large number of stocks, bonds, or commodities that often causes a sharp decline in prices.
出售或处置较大量股票,债券或商品,往往造成锐减价格
plausible ----Seemingly or apparently valid, likely, or acceptable; credible:
看似真实的，看似有道理的：看起来或表面上正确的、可能的或可接受的；可靠的：
GM --美国通用汽车
parts supplier 配件供应商
file for bankruptcy 申请
bankrupt
Dephi
the United Auto Workers(美国)联合汽车工会
tensely紧张地
deep wage and benefit cuts
the UAW
no parts ,no cars
Steinmetz
Morgan Stanley--Large investment bank in the United States. Includes news and service and investor information.
outstanding ----continuing in existence; remaining unsettled, unpaid, etc.: outstanding debts.
doomsday outcome
settle---to arrange matters in dispute; come to an agreement:
To conclude (a dispute, for example) by a final decision.决定，解决：以最终决定结束（如争论）
To decide (a lawsuit) by mutual agreement of the involved parties without court action.
调停：不上法庭而经当事人双双同意而做决定（诉讼案）
Law To secure or assign (property or title) by legal action.【法律】 转让：依法获得或转让（财产或权利）
Jr.---Abbr. Jr. Used to distinguish a son from his father when they have the same given name.
scramble--to compete or struggle with others for possession or gain: The children scrambled for the coins we tossed.
low-sulfur oil硫 ，减少空气污染，硫燃烧二氧化硫，跟空气中的水蒸气产生亚硫酸，也就是酸雨，是一种腐蚀性很强的一种酸
stiff--Difficult to comprehend or accept; harsh or severe:
严厉的：难以理解或接受的；严的或严厉的：
a stiff penalty.严厉的惩罚
disruption 中断, 分裂, 瓦解, 破坏
upheaval---A sudden, violent disruption or upset:
突变：突然而猛烈的爆发或错乱：
refinery outage炼油厂停运
outage--A temporary suspension of operation, especially of electric power.
断供：临时停止供应，尤指电力
scarcity---Insufficiency of amount or supply; shortage:数量或供应不足；短缺：
scarce book珍本
the U.S. Energy Information Administration美国能源信息管理局
West Texas Intermediate ---A type of oil, used as a benchmark in oil pricing and the underlying commodity of Nymex's successful oil futures. Abbrev. WTI.
纽约商业交易所（NYMEX）
mercantile----商人的, 商业的, 经商的, 重商主义的, 以金钱为目的的
crude---Being in an unrefined or natural state; raw.天然的：处于天然的或未经加工状态的；生的 原油
roughly
the last half of 2005
Global Insight 环球透视
see---To foresee:预见：
WTI
yield curve---产额曲线, 收率曲线,长短期投资的风险评估图
http://fixedincome.fidelity.com/fi/FIHistoricalYield?refpr=obrfi14
The yield curve is what economists use to capture the overall movement of interest rates (which are known as "yields" in Wall Street parlance). Plot today's yields for various maturities of U.S. Treasury bills and bonds on a graph and you've got today's curve.

invert---To be subjected to inversion.倒立曲线
颠倒：容易颠倒
inversion  倒置
bond---A certificate of debt issued by a government or corporation guaranteeing payment of the original investment plus interest by a specified future date.
债券：由政府或公司发行的，保证到一将来明确的日期归还本金和利息的债务凭证
There are three types of securities issued by the U.S. Treasury.
face value , maturity  ,interest rate
maturity ---The date on which a debt becomes due for payment. also called maturity date
http://www.investorguide.com/igu-article-576-bonds-treasury-bonds.html
http://translate.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investorguide.com%2Figu-article-576-bonds-treasury-bonds.html&langpair=en%7Czh-CN&hl=en&ie=UTF8
Treasury bills---- A negotiable debt obligation issued by the U.S. government and backed by its full faith and credit, having a maturity of one year or less. Exempt from state and local taxes. also called Bill or T-Bill or U.S. Treasury Bill.
Treasury bonds
----Treasury bonds are issued by the government of the United States in order to pay for government projects. The money paid out for a Treasury bond is essentially a loan to the government. As with any loan, repayment of principal is accompanied by a fixed interest rate. These bonds are guaranteed by the 'full faith and credit' of the U.S. government, meaning that they are extremely low risk (since the government can simply print money to pay back the loan). Additionally, interest earned on Treasury bonds is exempt from state and local taxes. Federal taxes, however, are still due on the earned interest.

exceed

lengthier period
lengthy  (演说、文章等)冗长的, 过分的
occure
recession
Bill Dudley of Goldman Sachs---高盛公司(Goldman Sachs)的首席经济师
Goldman Sachs---高盛公司是集投资银行、证券交易和投资管理等业务为一体的国际著名的投资银行。它为全球成千上万个重要客户，包括企业、金融机构、国家政府及富有的个人，提供全方位的高质量金融服务。
http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/5224997.html
signal tight money 是紧缩银根的信号，减少市场上流通的货币，避免通货膨胀
Fed
overall---Including everything; comprehensive:总的：包括一切的；全面的
pitfall--An unapparent source of trouble or danger; a hidden hazard:
隐藏的危险，隐患：不明显的困难或危险；隐患：
“potential pitfalls stemming from their optimistic inflation assumptions”(New York Times)
“他们过于乐观和膨胀的自负带来了许多隐患”(纽约时报)
unpleasant surprise 奇迹
surge
smooth----Having no obstructions or difficulties:顺利的：没有阻碍或困难的：
a smooth operation.See Synonyms at easy 顺利的运作
Ben Bernanke 高盛公司总裁，现财政部部长
overcome
hurricane
falter---To operate or perform unsteadily or with a loss of effectiveness:
失效：由于失去效力而运行不稳固：
draw -----To take or pull out:取或拉出：
Economic Analysis Associates
cool with
housing boom 房屋市场的繁荣
fill the gap填补空白， 弥补缺陷， 弥合差距
status quo---The existing condition or state of affairs.
现状：现存情况或事态
-----------------------------page 26
hail---To greet or acclaim enthusiastically:
喝彩，欢呼：热情地问候或欢呼：
praise
Swede
the weak point
competitiveness
nirvana---An ideal condition of rest, harmony, stability, or joy.
极乐世界，无忧无虑的境界：一种平静、安宁、稳定或快乐的理想境界
populate--fill with people or supply with inhabitants;
fit army
adapter
discontent---Absence of contentment; dissatisfaction.
不满足；不满意
stagnant---Showing little or no sign of activity or advancement; not developing or progressing; inactive:
不景气的：不发展和停滞的或没有前进或活动迹象；不发展或前进的：
a stagnant economy.停滞的经济
choppy--Having many small waves:有许多小浪的，波浪起伏的：
choppy seas.波浪滔滔的海洋
pin---To hold fast; immobilize:
The passenger was pinned under the wreckage of the truck.
dote--To show excessive fondness or love: parents who dote on their only child.
politician
 pan---To wash gravel, sand, or other sediment in a pan.
淘金：在淘金盆中冲洗矿砂、沙子或其他沉积物
To yield gold as a result of washing in a pan.在淘洗中收获金子
think tank  [美](由专家学者组成的供政府或大企业咨询的)思想库; 研究中心
brain trust
dote---To show excessive love or fondness:
过分溺爱：表现出过分的疼爱或喜爱
policy gold
left-wing
cradle-to-grave---一辈子的, 一生的
health care
Lund ,Uppsala--隆德大学(Lund University),世界排名70多位；乌普萨拉大学(Uppsala University)，世界排名前百以内，是瑞典历史最长的大学，有600多年历史
flag day国国旗纪念日
startle--a sudden shock of surprise, alarm, or the like
令人吃惊的
Volvo ,Scania,Electrolux,Eriksson,IKEA
privileged country
wear ----To break down or diminish through use or attrition:
磨损，耗损：由于使用或磨损而崩溃或减少：
wear ---To bear, carry, or maintain in a particular manner: wears her hair long.
wear wealth lightly
Ferrari-Maserati
dealership
Stockholm
shun---To avoid deliberately; keep away from.See Synonyms at escape
躲避：故意避开；避免
millionaire
stuck to
tolerant
twists and turns  迂回曲折
understated ----Exhibiting restrained good taste:
朴素的，不惹眼的：展示不浮华的良好品味的：
tier----A rank or class.一种地位或等级
经济圈
generous welfare state
business-friendly  有利商业的;有利营商的
red tape--Official forms and procedures, especially when oppressively complex and time consuming.
繁文缛节：官方的形式和过程，尤指当其令人感到难以忍受的复杂且浪费时间时
tiny
remote
all in all总而言之
Nordic
pamphlet
affluent
equitable
paradisecum
wunderkind
crack
SEB bank
incentive
foster--To promote the growth and development of; cultivate:
促进，培养：促进生长、发展等；培养：
integration---The bringing of people of different racial or ethnic groups into unrestricted and equal association, as in society or an organization; desegregation.
种族或宗教融合：在社会或组织中，使不同的种族或宗教派别的人处于无限制的平等的关系中；取消种族隔离
disparity---Unlikeness; incongruity.不同；不和谐
crack
center-right opposition
approach
versus
subsidy--welfare
dilemma
private-sector productive
phenomenally
Ireland
profile
decidedly
steeper
count
work-force
paid leave
perpetual
tuition-free
working-age
compound---To add to; increase:使增加；增加：
union contracts
immigrant
subsidy
exceed
off-the-books
handyman
day laborer
undermine
entry
readily--In a cooperative manner; willingly.
乐意地：以一种合作的方式地；情愿地；情愿地
refugee
break down
turn-up